Lecture 7 of Microbiology — Disorders in Immunity. Thirty questions, every one cited to the slide it came from. One table organizes most of this lecture. The four hypersensitivities differ by effector mechanism, and everything else follows from it: I is IgE on mast cells and is immediate; II is IgG or IgM against cell surface antigen with complement lysis; III is IgG or IgM against soluble antigen forming complexes that lodge in basement membranes; IV is T cell mediated and therefore delayed. Learn the mechanism and the examples place themselves. Watch for the diseases that cross types. Asthma begins as type I in the acute response and becomes type IV when chronic. Autoimmunity involves every type except I. Transplant rejection uses three different types depending on how fast it happens. The hygiene hypothesis is the one piece of reasoning worth following in full — helminth infection produces exactly the allergic profile (TH2, high IgE, eosinophils, mast cells) and yet no allergic disease, because nonspecific IgE crowds the Fc receptors and regulatory T cells suppress the response. Covers the four immunopathologies; the cells shared by defense and allergy; the four hypersensitivity types with their examples; allergens and portals of entry; sensitizing and provocative doses; the skin, nasal, gut and airway manifestations; anaphylaxis and how epinephrine reverses it; the late phase reaction; allergy diagnosis and the three management strategies including desensitization; and transfusion reactions through ABO, cross-matching, Rh factor and Rhogam; graft types and the rejection timeline (hyperacute type II, acute type IV, chronic type III, graft versus host type IV) with the tissues that tolerate mismatch; the origins of autoimmunity and its type II, III and IV diseases; primary against secondary immunodeficiency; carcinogenesis, oncogenic viruses and tumor evasion; and the immunotherapies from checkpoint inhibitors to cancer vaccines.
Answers reveal only after you choose. Your score and a breakdown by objective appear at the end, with a review of everything you missed.