Pharmacology I · Exam 1 · Class of 2028

Contraindications & Must-Know Warnings

Every contraindication, prohibition and named reaction in the three Exam 1 decks, in one place. 71 entries, each citing the slide it came from. Built after Dr. McInnis’s email that students over-study mechanism and under-study indications, patient education, side effects and contraindications.

Contraindicated — The deck uses the word contraindicated.Black box — The deck says black box warning.Avoid / do not use — The deck says avoid, do not use, cannot use, or teratogenic.Named reaction — A named syndrome or reaction — bold and underlined in the tables.Caution — A stated caution, monitoring need or major adverse effect — not worded as a contraindication.Safe exception — The deck says this one can be used where the class cannot — the flip side of a contraindication.

The tiers are not interchangeable, and that is the point. These decks are uneven: only 4 statements are actually worded “contraindicated”, one is a black box warning, and 10 say avoid / do not use / teratogenic. Everything else is a stated caution or a major adverse effect. Nothing here has been promoted a tier above what the slide says — if a row is marked Caution, the deck did not call it a contraindication, however much it sounds like one.

Two things this reference deliberately does NOT contain. 1. Dosages. Dr. Wood said drug dosages are not tested, so none are reproduced here. 2. Any race-based contraindication. All 310 slides were searched: there is no contraindication keyed to race or ethnicity anywhere in these three decks. If a question offers one, it is not from this material. (Race does appear as a risk factor for glaucoma — but that is the CMS ophthalmology deck, a different exam.) 3. Streptogramins. The Lecture 1 objectives slide names the class, but the deck contains no streptogramin slide at all — no drug, no contraindication. Nothing has been invented to fill that gap.

Beta-lactams Vancomycin Protein synthesis inhibitors Fluoroquinolones Other antibacterials Antifungals Antivirals and anthelminthics Dermatology medications Autonomic — cholinergic Autonomic — adrenergic

The named reactions learn these by name

These are the ones a question can name directly — “a patient develops flushing of the head and neck during an infusion” is asking for one specific drug. Every named reaction on this page is bold and underlined wherever it appears.

Drug or class	What it says	Source
Carbapenems imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem, doripenem	Monitor renal and hepatic function, full blood count for bleeding, signs of anaphylaxis — and SEIZURES, specifically with imipenem. That pairing is the one carbapenem fact most likely to be asked.	L1 slide 44
Vancomycin	Infusion-related reaction — “Red Man Syndrome”, with fever, chills and phlebitis. The deck also titles a slide “Vancomycin Infusion Syndrome”. It is an infusion-rate problem, which is why the drug is infused over 60 minutes.	L1 slide 51
Macrolides erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin	QT prolongation and Torsades de pointes — worse in combination with class Ia and III antiarrhythmics and with electrolyte abnormalities.	L1 slide 57
Fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin	Tendonitis and Achilles tendon rupture. Caution if under 18 years old. Also peripheral neuropathy and central nervous system toxicity — dizziness, insomnia, somnolence.	L1 slide 79
Fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin	QT prolongation and Torsades de Pointes. Photosensitivity, and they complex with cations — iron, antacids, multivitamins, calcium and dairy.	L1 slide 79
Trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole Septra, Bactrim	Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Blood dyscrasias — thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, megaloblastic anemia. Hepatotoxicity and hyperbilirubinemia.	L1 slide 85
Metronidazole Flagyl	Disulfiram-like reaction with ethanol. The single most testable fact about this drug — counsel the patient not to drink.	L1 slide 86
Linezolid Zyvox	Serotonin syndrome with SSRIs, tyramine-containing foods and pseudoephedrine. Also thrombocytopenia.	L1 slide 71
Albendazole, mebendazole Albenza, Emverm	Very well tolerated, but rash including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis is described.	L1 slide 115
Atropine and antimuscarinics	The anticholinergic toxidrome: mad as a hatter (sedation, anxiety, hallucinations, seizures), blind as a bat (mydriasis, blurry vision), red as a beet (flushing), dry as a bone (decreased secretions), hot as Hades (hyperthermia), plus constipation, urinary retention and tachycardia.	L3 slide 50
Succinylcholine	Malignant hyperthermia with halothane in genetically susceptible people — muscular rigidity, metabolic acidosis, tachycardia and hyperpyrexia. Treat by rapid cooling and dantrolene (Dantrium).	L3 slide 70
Clonidine Catapres	Rebound hypertension with abrupt discontinuance. Also lethargy, sedation, constipation and xerostomia.	L3 slide 97
Alpha-1 blockers prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin, alfuzosin	“First-dose” syncope. Also dizziness, lack of energy, nasal congestion, headache, drowsiness and orthostatic hypotension.	L3 slide 111
Phenoxybenzamine	Epinephrine reversal — it blocks the alpha vasoconstriction of epinephrine but not its beta vasodilation, so blood pressure falls. Block is irreversible; the body must synthesize new receptors, taking at least 24 hours.	L3 slide 109
Propranolol non-selective beta blocker	Arrhythmias if stopped abruptly, from up-regulation of beta receptors — never stop a beta blocker suddenly. Also central effects: depression, hallucinations, vivid dreams and nightmares.	L3 slide 117

Pregnancy, breastfeeding and teratogenicity the highest-yield group

Three different strengths sit in this one table, and a question can turn on which one a drug gets. Isotretinoin is an absolute contraindication in pregnancy and breastfeeding, with men told to avoid it too. Itraconazole is flagged teratogenic outright, while fluconazole and voriconazole are only “teratogenic in animals”. Everything else is worded as avoid. Read the wording, not just the drug name.

Related but not the same thing: aminopenicillins reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives — that is a risk of a pregnancy happening, not a risk to a fetus, so it sits under beta-lactams rather than here.

Drug or class	What it says	Source
Tetracyclines tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline	Avoid in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Also photosensitivity, and they chelate with cations — iron, calcium and dairy block absorption.	L1 slide 63
Tetracyclines — for acne Lecture 2 restates it harder	Contraindicated in children under 8 years and in pregnant women. Lecture 2 words this as an outright contraindication where Lecture 1 says “avoid”.	L2 slide 28
Itraconazole Sporanox	Teratogenic. Substrate for and inhibitor of CYP3A4.	L1 slide 104
Fluconazole Diflucan	Teratogenic in animals. Inhibits CYP3A4 and CYP2A4.	L1 slide 106
Voriconazole Vfend	Teratogenic in animals. Visual effects in 30%, plus liver and renal effects. The intravenous vehicle cyclodextrin accumulates in renal failure.	L1 slide 107
Isotretinoin Accutane	CONTRAINDICATED in pregnancy and breastfeeding — men should avoid as well. Enrollment in iPledge is required. Monitor for signs of developing depression and for raised serum lipids.	L2 slide 27
Topical retinoids tretinoin, adapalene, tazarotene	Avoid during pregnancy. Photosensitivity and severe sunburn. Benzoyl peroxide inactivates tretinoin, and tretinoin is photolabile so it is applied nightly.	L2 slide 24

Age-specific warnings the numbers to memorize

Three numbers carry this section: 30 days (ceftriaxone in the newborn), 8 years (tetracyclines — teeth and skeletal growth) and 18 years (fluoroquinolones — tendon). If a stem gives you a child’s age, it is usually testing one of those three. The last row is not an age limit but a pediatric-only consequence: topical steroids can retard growth.

Drug or class	What it says	Source
Ceftriaxone Rocephin	Cannot be used during the first 30 days of life. Cefotaxime is preferred in neonatal fever or sepsis. No dosage adjustment is needed in renal insufficiency.	L1 slide 34
Tetracyclines tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline	Avoid under 8 years old — causes discoloration of teeth (doxycycline more than the others) and depression of skeletal growth.	L1 slide 63
Tetracyclines — for acne Lecture 2 restates it harder	Contraindicated in children under 8 years and in pregnant women. Lecture 2 words this as an outright contraindication where Lecture 1 says “avoid”.	L2 slide 28
Fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin	Tendonitis and Achilles tendon rupture. Caution if under 18 years old. Also peripheral neuropathy and central nervous system toxicity — dizziness, insomnia, somnolence.	L1 slide 79
Topical corticosteroids	Local: skin atrophy, acne, rosacea, allergic dermatitis. Systemic: adrenal suppression, infections, hyperglycemia, glaucoma, cataracts, and growth retardation in children. Risk rises with potency, duration, area covered and occlusiveness — ointment > cream > lotion.	L2 slide 38

Beta-lactams Antibiotics, Antivirals & Antifungals

Drug or class	Tier	What it says	Source
Aminopenicillins amoxicillin, ampicillin	Contraindicated	Contraindicated in patients allergic to penicillin, and in a patient with a past history of cholestatic jaundice or hepatic dysfunction.	L1 slide 21
Aminopenicillins amoxicillin, ampicillin	Caution	Reduces the effectiveness of oral contraceptives — use backup birth control. Prolongs prothrombin time with anticoagulants.	L1 slide 20
Penicillins — class	Caution	Adverse reactions are hypersensitivity reaction, rash and diarrhea. Dosing is adjusted for renal function. Monitor renal and hepatic function and platelets.	L1 slide 22
Cephalosporins — class	Caution	Penicillin cross-sensitivity of approximately less than 1% — the number to know when a stem gives you a penicillin-allergic patient.	L1 slide 30
Ceftriaxone Rocephin	Avoid / do not use	Cannot be used during the first 30 days of life. Cefotaxime is preferred in neonatal fever or sepsis. No dosage adjustment is needed in renal insufficiency.	L1 slide 34
Carbapenems imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem, doripenem	Named reaction	Monitor renal and hepatic function, full blood count for bleeding, signs of anaphylaxis — and SEIZURES, specifically with imipenem. That pairing is the one carbapenem fact most likely to be asked.	L1 slide 44
Aztreonam monobactam	Safe exception	The exception worth memorizing: NO cross-reactivity with beta-lactams, so it can be used in truly penicillin-allergic patients.	L1 slide 41

Vancomycin Antibiotics, Antivirals & Antifungals

Drug or class	Tier	What it says	Source
Vancomycin	Named reaction	Infusion-related reaction — “Red Man Syndrome”, with fever, chills and phlebitis. The deck also titles a slide “Vancomycin Infusion Syndrome”. It is an infusion-rate problem, which is why the drug is infused over 60 minutes.	L1 slide 51
Vancomycin	Caution	Monitor for ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, and follow renal clearance. Requires therapeutic drug monitoring — trough drawn 15–30 minutes before the next dose, around the 3rd or 4th dose.	L1 slide 51

Protein synthesis inhibitors Antibiotics, Antivirals & Antifungals

Drug or class	Tier	What it says	Source
Macrolides erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin	Named reaction	QT prolongation and Torsades de pointes — worse in combination with class Ia and III antiarrhythmics and with electrolyte abnormalities.	L1 slide 57
Macrolides erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin	Caution	Cholestatic hepatitis (rare, more with the estolate salt) and transient hearing loss with large intravenous doses or in renal insufficiency.	L1 slide 57
Macrolides erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin	Caution	CYP3A4 interaction raises levels of carbamazepine, cyclosporine, digoxin, midazolam and theophylline. Erythromycin > clarithromycin > azithromycin. Check the drug profile before prescribing.	L1 slide 59
Tetracyclines tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline	Avoid / do not use	Avoid under 8 years old — causes discoloration of teeth (doxycycline more than the others) and depression of skeletal growth.	L1 slide 63
Tetracyclines tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline	Avoid / do not use	Avoid in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Also photosensitivity, and they chelate with cations — iron, calcium and dairy block absorption.	L1 slide 63
Clindamycin Cleocin	Caution	Clostridium difficile and pseudomembranous colitis — the reaction this drug is known for. Also rash, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia.	L1 slide 81
Linezolid Zyvox	Named reaction	Serotonin syndrome with SSRIs, tyramine-containing foods and pseudoephedrine. Also thrombocytopenia.	L1 slide 71
Aminoglycosides gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin	Caution	Renal toxicity and ototoxicity — renally adjusted, and they require therapeutic drug monitoring with peak and trough levels.	L1 slide 68

Fluoroquinolones Antibiotics, Antivirals & Antifungals

Drug or class	Tier	What it says	Source
Fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin	Named reaction	Tendonitis and Achilles tendon rupture. Caution if under 18 years old. Also peripheral neuropathy and central nervous system toxicity — dizziness, insomnia, somnolence.	L1 slide 79
Fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin	Named reaction	QT prolongation and Torsades de Pointes. Photosensitivity, and they complex with cations — iron, antacids, multivitamins, calcium and dairy.	L1 slide 79
Moxifloxacin Avelox	Avoid / do not use	Do not use for urinary tract infections — the one fluoroquinolone that does not cover them. It also has no pseudomonas coverage.	L1 slide 78

Other antibacterials Antibiotics, Antivirals & Antifungals

Drug or class	Tier	What it says	Source
Trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole Septra, Bactrim	Named reaction	Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Blood dyscrasias — thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, megaloblastic anemia. Hepatotoxicity and hyperbilirubinemia.	L1 slide 85
Trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole Septra, Bactrim	Caution	Raises phenytoin, rifampin and digoxin levels; causes hypoglycemia with sulfonylureas; and significantly increases INR (international normalized ratio) with warfarin by inhibiting CYP2C9.	L1 slide 85
Metronidazole Flagyl	Named reaction	Disulfiram-like reaction with ethanol. The single most testable fact about this drug — counsel the patient not to drink.	L1 slide 86
Polymyxin B and Polymyxin E colistin	Black box	BLACK BOX WARNINGS for nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity and neuromuscular blockade.	L1 slide 88

Antifungals Antibiotics, Antivirals & Antifungals

Drug or class	Tier	What it says	Source
Echinocandins caspofungin, micafungin, anidulafungin	Caution	Adverse reactions: tachycardia, headache, insomnia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia and blood dyscrasias.	L1 slide 109
Amphotericin B	Caution	Fever and chills from interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor — pre-treat with paracetamol, antihistamines and corticosteroids. Infused over 4 hours; side effects limit treatment.	L1 slide 98
Amphotericin B	Caution	Electrolyte abnormalities — hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia, hypotension, uremia in 80% with decreased filtration, and renal tubule damage — hydrate with normal saline.	L1 slide 99
Itraconazole Sporanox	Avoid / do not use	Teratogenic. Substrate for and inhibitor of CYP3A4.	L1 slide 104
Fluconazole Diflucan	Avoid / do not use	Teratogenic in animals. Inhibits CYP3A4 and CYP2A4.	L1 slide 106
Voriconazole Vfend	Avoid / do not use	Teratogenic in animals. Visual effects in 30%, plus liver and renal effects. The intravenous vehicle cyclodextrin accumulates in renal failure.	L1 slide 107
Posaconazole Noxafil	Caution	QT prolongation, fever, diarrhea, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia and thrombocytopenia.	L1 slide 105
Ketoconazole	Caution	Inhibits CYP3A4 — significant drug interactions. Does not enter the central nervous system, and is now rarely used.	L1 slide 103
Flucytosine 5-flucytosine, Ancobon	Caution	Bone marrow suppression and hepatotoxicity.	L1 slide 101
Griseofulvin	Caution	Induces CYP1A2 and CYP2C9. Headache in 15%, mental confusion, fatigue and blurred vision. Absorption increases with a high-fat meal.	L1 slide 111

Antivirals and anthelminthics Antibiotics, Antivirals & Antifungals

Drug or class	Tier	What it says	Source
Acyclovir, valacyclovir Zovirax, Valtrex	Caution	Crystallizes in the renal tubule — maintain hydration and renal function. Central nervous system effects include seizures, delirium and tremor; also bone marrow suppression.	L1 slide 123
Ganciclovir, valganciclovir Cytovene, Valcyte	Caution	Neutropenia in 15–40% and thrombocytopenia. 33% of patients must stop intravenous treatment because of side effects.	L1 slide 125
Oseltamivir Tamiflu	Caution	Requires renal dose adjustment. Oral only.	L1 slide 127
Albendazole, mebendazole Albenza, Emverm	Named reaction	Very well tolerated, but rash including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis is described.	L1 slide 115

Dermatology medications Dermatology Medications

Drug or class	Tier	What it says	Source
Allylamines naftifine, terbinafine (Lamisil)	Caution	The deck records only local irritation — no systemic contraindication is given for this class.	L2 slide 53
Tetracyclines — for acne Lecture 2 restates it harder	Contraindicated	Contraindicated in children under 8 years and in pregnant women. Lecture 2 words this as an outright contraindication where Lecture 1 says “avoid”.	L2 slide 28
Isotretinoin Accutane	Contraindicated	CONTRAINDICATED in pregnancy and breastfeeding — men should avoid as well. Enrollment in iPledge is required. Monitor for signs of developing depression and for raised serum lipids.	L2 slide 27
Topical retinoids tretinoin, adapalene, tazarotene	Avoid / do not use	Avoid during pregnancy. Photosensitivity and severe sunburn. Benzoyl peroxide inactivates tretinoin, and tretinoin is photolabile so it is applied nightly.	L2 slide 24
Topical corticosteroids	Caution	Local: skin atrophy, acne, rosacea, allergic dermatitis. Systemic: adrenal suppression, infections, hyperglycemia, glaucoma, cataracts, and growth retardation in children. Risk rises with potency, duration, area covered and occlusiveness — ointment > cream > lotion.	L2 slide 38
Topical immunomodulators tacrolimus (Protopic), pimecrolimus (Elidel)	Avoid / do not use	Possible cancer risk. Avoid in patients with weakened immune systems. Second line after topical steroids; use a high-SPF (sun protection factor) sunscreen.	L2 slide 43
Polymyxin B topical	Avoid / do not use	Avoid using on open wounds or denuded skin in high doses — risk of neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.	L2 slide 48
Neomycin topical aminoglycoside	Caution	Frequently causes sensitization, and topical aminoglycosides can accumulate systemically.	L2 slide 49
Benzoyl peroxide	Caution	Can bleach hair, clothes, and irritates skin and mucous membranes. Start at 2.5% once daily.	L2 slide 21
Intralesional and oral corticosteroids acne	Caution	Systemic absorption can occur → adrenal suppression and local tissue atrophy. Oral courses need tapering to prevent flare-up.	L2 slide 30

Autonomic — cholinergic ANS Pharmacology

Drug or class	Tier	What it says	Source
Cholinergic agonists — class bethanechol, carbachol, pilocarpine	Caution	Muscarinic excess causes bronchospasm, decreased blood pressure, salivation, sweating, flushing, nausea, abdominal pain and diarrhea — which is why these are a problem in reactive airway disease.	L3 slide 31
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors neostigmine, pyridostigmine	Caution	Same muscarinic burden — salivation, flushing, decreased blood pressure, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea and bronchospasm.	L3 slide 38
Physostigmine Antilirium	Caution	Convulsions at high doses, bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, and paralysis of skeletal muscle from acetylcholine accumulation.	L3 slide 37
Organophosphate poisoning irreversible AChE inhibitors	Caution	Pralidoxime (Protopam) reactivates inhibited acetylcholinesterase — but it does not penetrate the central nervous system and cannot overcome reversible inhibitors such as physostigmine.	L3 slide 42
Atropine and antimuscarinics	Named reaction	The anticholinergic toxidrome: mad as a hatter (sedation, anxiety, hallucinations, seizures), blind as a bat (mydriasis, blurry vision), red as a beet (flushing), dry as a bone (decreased secretions), hot as Hades (hyperthermia), plus constipation, urinary retention and tachycardia.	L3 slide 50
Atropine	Caution	Adverse effects: dry mouth, blurred vision, “sandy eyes”, urinary retention, constipation, and central effects — restlessness, confusion, hallucinations, delirium. Dose-dependent heart rate: bradycardia at lower doses, tachycardia at higher doses.	L3 slide 52
Scopolamine Transderm Scop patch	Caution	Wash hands thoroughly after placing the patch — touching the eye afterwards causes blurred vision. Effects otherwise similar to atropine.	L3 slide 54
Succinylcholine	Named reaction	Malignant hyperthermia with halothane in genetically susceptible people — muscular rigidity, metabolic acidosis, tachycardia and hyperpyrexia. Treat by rapid cooling and dantrolene (Dantrium).	L3 slide 70
Succinylcholine	Caution	Hyperkalemia, and prolonged paralysis (apnea) in patients genetically deficient in plasma cholinesterase or with electrolyte imbalance.	L3 slide 70
Atracurium nondepolarizing blocker	Caution	Releases histamine — can produce a fall in blood pressure, flushing and bronchoconstriction.	L3 slide 65

Autonomic — adrenergic ANS Pharmacology

Drug or class	Tier	What it says	Source
Epinephrine	Caution	Hyperthyroidism — enhanced cardiovascular actions. Cocaine — exaggerated cardiovascular actions because reuptake is prevented. Diabetes — increases release of endogenous glucose stores.	L3 slide 87
Epinephrine	Caution	Adverse effects: anxiety, fear, tension, headache, tremor; cerebral hemorrhage from the rise in blood pressure; cardiac arrhythmias; and pulmonary edema.	L3 slide 86
Norepinephrine	Caution	Extravasation causes blanching and sloughing of skin from extreme vasoconstriction — treated with the alpha antagonist phentolamine.	L3 slide 90
Dobutamine	Caution	Increases atrioventricular conduction — caution in atrial fibrillation. Tolerance may develop with prolonged use.	L3 slide 94
Clonidine Catapres	Named reaction	Rebound hypertension with abrupt discontinuance. Also lethargy, sedation, constipation and xerostomia.	L3 slide 97
Alpha-1 blockers prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin, alfuzosin	Named reaction	“First-dose” syncope. Also dizziness, lack of energy, nasal congestion, headache, drowsiness and orthostatic hypotension.	L3 slide 111
Phenoxybenzamine	Named reaction	Epinephrine reversal — it blocks the alpha vasoconstriction of epinephrine but not its beta vasodilation, so blood pressure falls. Block is irreversible; the body must synthesize new receptors, taking at least 24 hours.	L3 slide 109
Propranolol non-selective beta blocker	Contraindicated	CONTRAINDICATED in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma — beta-2 blockade causes bronchoconstriction. This is the deck's clearest contraindication in Lecture 3.	L3 slide 115
Propranolol non-selective beta blocker	Caution	Attenuates the normal physiologic response to hypoglycemia and causes fasting hypoglycemia — the reason for care in diabetics. Decreases glycogenolysis and glucagon secretion; raises LDL cholesterol and triglycerides.	L3 slide 115
Propranolol non-selective beta blocker	Named reaction	Arrhythmias if stopped abruptly, from up-regulation of beta receptors — never stop a beta blocker suddenly. Also central effects: depression, hallucinations, vivid dreams and nightmares.	L3 slide 117
Selective beta-1 antagonists atenolol, metoprolol, bisoprolol, esmolol	Caution	Cardioselectivity is LOST at higher doses — which is why “cardioselective” is not a free pass in a patient with airway disease. Useful for hypertension in impaired pulmonary function.	L3 slide 120
Labetalol and carvedilol	Caution	May cause orthostatic hypotension due to alpha-1 blockade.	L3 slide 122
Nicotine	Caution	Depolarizes autonomic ganglia — stimulation first, then paralysis of all ganglia. At higher doses blood pressure falls and gastrointestinal and bladder activity ceases.	L3 slide 59

Every row cites the deck and slide it came from, and is checked against that slide by tools/check_pharm_contra.py before this page is written. Coverage is checked separately by tools/check_pharm_contra_coverage.py, which scans all 310 slides for anything a row missed.

← Back to Homepage

★ If you see any mistakes, click here to report it ★